Europe · 🇨🇭

Switzerland

A global center for private banking, wealth management, and international arbitration, chosen for political stability, the strength of the Swiss franc, and a discreet, professional advisory tradition that draws cross-border wealth structuring, family offices, and dispute resolution.

Legal systemCivil law · federal, with cantonal variation RegulatorFINMA · cantonal commercial registers Coordinates47.4°N · 8.5°E · Zürich

Switzerland at a glance

Legal system
Civil law; federal structure with cantonal variation
Company formation
Principal vehicles are the stock corporation (AG/SA) and the limited liability company (GmbH/Sàrl) under the Swiss Code of Obligations, alongside the Swiss foundation (Stiftung) used for philanthropy and, in limited form, family purposes.
Trust regime
Switzerland has no domestic trust law but recognizes foreign trusts under the Hague Trust Convention, which it has ratified, and is a leading administration center for trusts settled under foreign law.
Funds
Collective investment schemes are governed by the Collective Investment Schemes Act (CISA), with FINMA authorizing and supervising fund managers and products. The Limited Qualified Investor Fund (L-QIF) offers a streamlined, FINMA-approval-free vehicle for qualified investors.
Tax posture
Switzerland levies federal, cantonal and communal taxes, with significant cantonal variation and the availability of lump-sum (forfait) taxation for qualifying foreign residents.
Region
Europe · Banking · Wealth
How we act
Coordination by Hart David Carson LLP; local law advice by locally admitted counsel.

Switzerland is one of the world's principal centers for private banking, wealth management, and international arbitration, valued above all for an unusual combination of political and monetary stability and a deep, discreet professional advisory tradition.

What draws clients here is durability. The federal structure and direct-democratic checks make abrupt legal change rare, the Swiss franc remains a global store of value, and the country's private banks, fiduciaries, and family-office providers carry generations of experience serving internationally mobile families and their enterprises. For settlors, founders, and principals choosing where to anchor a holding company, a foundation, or a wealth arrangement, that continuity of a stable currency, a neutral political posture, and a sophisticated professional bench is the substantive product. Geneva and Zürich are also established seats for international arbitration, so the dispute-resolution architecture sits alongside the wealth and corporate infrastructure rather than apart from it.

Switzerland has also aligned decisively with international transparency and tax-cooperation standards. It participates in the OECD Common Reporting Standard and FATCA, has implemented measures consistent with the OECD Pillar Two minimum tax, and its banks apply rigorous source-of-wealth and tax-compliance verification. The old image of opacity is gone. What remains is professionalism, confidentiality within the law, and a federal system whose cantonal variation can be a real planning advantage. The rules are demanding, but they are known, and that maturity is itself a reason serious capital continues to choose Switzerland.

What we coordinate in Switzerland

Entity formation, foundations, trust administration, funds, banking, regulatory engagement, and tax posture, each handled with Swiss avocats, notaries, and regulated trustees and asset managers.
01

Company & Entity Formation

We coordinate the choice between the AG/SA stock corporation and the GmbH/Sàrl limited liability company under the Swiss Code of Obligations for operating businesses, holding companies and Swiss-seated subsidiaries. The form fixes the capital, governance and disclosure the entity will carry, and it shapes how the Swiss layer reads to banks, counterparties and the home-country tax authority.

  • Formation by notarial deed and entry in the cantonal commercial register, with minimum capital paid in
  • Canton of seat selected for tax, substance, and access to the right professional bench
  • Vehicle selection and articles confirmed with Swiss-admitted counsel and a notary before filing
02

Trusts & Foundations

Switzerland has no domestic trust statute, yet it is a major administration center for trusts settled under foreign law, recognized under the Hague Trust Convention it has ratified. The settling law governs the trust, so we pair counsel in that jurisdiction with a Swiss regulated trustee. For charitable and certain family-wealth purposes, the Swiss foundation, the Stiftung, sits alongside.

  • Recognition and administration of trusts governed by foreign law, with the settling law advised on by counsel in that jurisdiction
  • Swiss foundations (Stiftung) for philanthropy; reform of family foundations remains under discussion
  • Trustee selection, foundation councils and formal advice rendered by Swiss-admitted counsel and regulated trustees
03

Banking & Accounts

Swiss private banks offer custody, lombard lending, and wealth-management services with global reach, supported by a long-established and well-capitalized banking sector.

  • Stringent KYC, source-of-wealth and tax-compliance verification consistent with Swiss and international standards
  • Source-of-wealth and tax-residency documentation prepared before introductions to improve outcomes
  • The bank decides whether to open the relationship; we coordinate the introduction
04

Investment Funds

For a sponsor launching a Swiss fund, we coordinate product authorization under the Collective Investment Schemes Act (CISA) and the manager's licensing, both under FINMA supervision. Open- and closed-ended structures are available. Which one, and whether the L-QIF route applies, decides the approval path, the launch calendar and the investors the fund may admit.

  • The Limited Qualified Investor Fund (L-QIF) offers a faster vehicle that needs no individual FINMA product approval for qualified investors
  • Manager licensing under FINIA and product structuring sequenced with administrators and custodians
  • FINMA authorization steps project-managed alongside Swiss-admitted counsel and the regulated manager
05

Regulatory & Licensing

FINMA licenses and supervises banks, securities firms, asset managers, and insurers under the Financial Institutions Act (FINIA) and the Financial Services Act (FINSA), the two pillars of the Swiss regulatory architecture.

  • AML obligations flow from the Anti-Money Laundering Act and FINMA ordinances
  • Self-regulatory organizations (SROs) supervise many financial intermediaries on FINMA's behalf
  • Matters before FINMA conducted with Swiss-admitted counsel and licensed intermediaries
06

Tax & Treaty Posture

Swiss tax is levied at three levels, federal, cantonal and communal, and the cantonal layer varies enough that the choice of canton is itself a planning decision. We model that choice with Swiss tax advisers for a holding company or a relocating family, including whether a foreign resident will qualify for lump-sum, or forfait, taxation.

  • Extensive double-tax treaty network supporting inbound and outbound holding and financing structures
  • Participates in the OECD Common Reporting Standard and FATCA; measures aligned with the OECD Pillar Two minimum tax adopted
  • Home-country tax treatment remains a question for the client's own tax counsel
On the ground

Government affairs &
facilitators, coordinated.

Engagement with FINMA, the cantonal authorities, and the tax administration is handled through licensed Swiss professionals, and it is conducted transparently and on the record. Hart David Carson coordinates a facilitation and partner network of Swiss avocats, notaries, regulated trustees, family-office providers, and private banks across the relevant cantons, working alongside locally admitted counsel and licensed intermediaries who carry the regulated mandate and provide the substantive legal advice. Those local professionals hold the formal relationship on every engagement.

Swiss avocats & notaries across the relevant cantons Regulated trustees & family-office providers Private-banking introductions & relationship onboarding FINMA, cantonal & tax-administration engagement, with locally admitted counsel
Discuss a Swiss matter →
How we coordinate a matter here

One partner,
the whole stack.

Hart David Carson scopes the Swiss structure, be it a company, a foundation, or a wealth arrangement, assembles the right Swiss avocats, notaries, regulated trustees, and banks, and coordinates the moving parts, acting as facilitator and project lead alongside Swiss-admitted counsel. You hold one point of contact at the firm while the local professionals render all formal legal advice, regulated services, and filings, so the structure is built once, correctly, with the home-jurisdiction, cantonal, and Swiss-federal pieces sequenced to fit.

Scope the structure against the commercial objective and home-country position Select the canton of seat and assemble avocats, notaries, trustees and banks Coordinate formation, fund authorization, foundation set-up and introductions end to end All local legal advice, regulated services and filings by Swiss-admitted counsel
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Prepared by Hart David Carson LLP · Reviewed by Jonathan D. Herpy, Sr. · Last updated October 2026 · Educational overview · Not legal advice · Local law advice comes from locally admitted counsel.

Frequently asked

Common questions on structuring in Switzerland.
Does Hart David Carson practice Swiss law in Switzerland?

Hart David Carson does not render Swiss legal advice or hold itself out as a Swiss-regulated practice. We act as coordinator of a facilitation and partner network of Swiss avocats, notaries, regulated trustees, family-office providers, and private banks across the relevant cantons. Locally admitted counsel and licensed intermediaries carry the regulated mandate and provide all formal legal advice, regulated services, and filings.

Which Swiss entity is right for a cross-border structure?

Usually a stock corporation, the AG or SA, or a limited liability company, the GmbH or Sàrl, under the Swiss Code of Obligations; the Swiss foundation, the Stiftung, serves philanthropic and, in limited form, family purposes. The commercial objective, the capitalization and the canton of seat drive the choice. The AG carries the higher minimum capital, and since formation needs a notarial deed and a commercial-register entry, Swiss-admitted counsel and a notary confirm the form before filing.

Can a trust be used in Switzerland even though it has no domestic trust law?

Yes, provided the trust is settled under a foreign trust law. Switzerland has ratified the Hague Trust Convention, recognizes trusts governed by foreign law and is a major administration center for them. For a client that means two sets of advisers: counsel in the settling jurisdiction for the trust law and drafting, and a Swiss regulated trustee for administration. For charitable and certain family-wealth purposes the Swiss foundation is the domestic alternative, with family-foundation reform still under discussion.

Who regulates banks, asset managers and funds in Switzerland?

The Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA) licenses and supervises banks, securities firms, asset managers and insurers under the Financial Institutions Act (FINIA) and the Financial Services Act (FINSA), and authorizes collective investment schemes under the Collective Investment Schemes Act (CISA). Anti-money-laundering obligations flow from the Anti-Money Laundering Act and FINMA ordinances, with self-regulatory organizations supervising many intermediaries. Matters before FINMA are conducted with locally admitted counsel.

What is the L-QIF and who can use it?

The L-QIF, the Limited Qualified Investor Fund, is a Swiss fund under CISA that launches without individual FINMA product approval. Two conditions apply: it is open only to qualified investors, and it is managed by an institution FINMA already supervises. For a sponsor, that removes the product-authorization step from the launch calendar, but it shifts the weight onto the regulated manager, whose license, capacity and fees become the gating items. Swiss counsel and the manager confirm eligibility before marketing.

How does Swiss tax apply to an inbound structure?

On three levels: federal, cantonal and communal. Cantonal rates vary significantly, so the canton of seat or residence changes the bill. Qualifying foreign residents who do not work in Switzerland may be taxed on a lump-sum, or forfait, basis. An extensive treaty network supports inbound structures; CRS and FATCA mean full reporting, and the OECD Pillar Two measures Switzerland has adopted set a floor for large groups. The home-country position is separate and belongs with the client's own tax counsel.

The structuring toolkit we bring

The firm-side capabilities most often deployed into Switzerland work. One partner coordinates U.S. counsel and locally admitted advisers for each of them.

Banking & asset finance

In Switzerland, private banks offer custody, lending, and wealth-management services with global reach.

Banking & asset finance →

Private-wealth & estate planning

Switzerland has no domestic trust law but recognizes foreign trusts under the Hague Trust Convention, which it has ratified, and is a major administration center for trusts settled under foreign law.

Private-wealth & estate planning →

Asset protection

Switzerland is a global center for private banking, wealth management, and international arbitration, valued for political stability, the strength of the Swiss franc, and discreet, professional advisory traditions.

Asset protection →

International tax

Switzerland levies federal, cantonal and communal taxes, with significant cantonal variation and the availability of lump-sum (forfait) taxation for qualifying foreign residents.

International tax →

International corporate structuring

In Switzerland, principal vehicles are the stock corporation (AG/SA) and the limited liability company (GmbH/Sàrl) under the Swiss Code of Obligations, alongside the Swiss foundation (Stiftung) used for philanthropy and, in limited form, family purposes.

International corporate structuring →

Related jurisdictions

Adjacent structuring jurisdictions in Europe.

Liechtenstein

A private-wealth and foundation jurisdiction inside the EEA, with a Swiss-franc economy and codified trusts, foundations, and the flexible Anstalt establishment.

Explore →

United Kingdom

Home to London, the principal venue for cross-border finance, dispute resolution, and corporate transactions, with English law the default governing law for global commerce.

Explore →

Jersey

A Crown Dependency finance center for private wealth, fund administration, and listed holding structures, with influential trust law and tax neutrality.

Explore →

Guernsey

A well-established Crown Dependency center with particular strength in insurance and captives, investment funds, and protected-cell structures.

Explore →

All Europe →  ·  ← Back to Global Reach

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Scope the Swiss structure, canton first.

One partner is accountable for the whole matter, and you have that partner's direct line. We coordinate the Swiss pieces with locally admitted counsel, and you keep one line back to the firm.