Corporate & Business Law

Consumer Protection & Advertising

Counsel for the way a company markets, prices, and sells. We clear campaigns to launch and keep a marketing program defensible under FTC and state consumer protection rules as it scales.

The FTC's rule on fake reviews has carried civil penalties since October 2024, and its 2023 revision of the Endorsement Guides reaches an employee's post as readily as an influencer's. The federal click-to-cancel rule was struck down in July 2025, but the statute beneath it still requires that a subscriber see the material terms before giving a card number, consent to them expressly, and be able to cancel by a simple mechanism.

Illinois adds a written renewal notice 30 to 60 days before the cancellation deadline on longer auto-renewing contracts, and every state has a deceptive-practices statute of its own. Substantiation is tested at the moment a claim runs: a health claim needs competent and reliable scientific evidence in hand before publication, not a study commissioned after the demand letter.

We review a campaign before it runs, build the substantiation file the claim will be judged against, and write the disclosure into the creative rather than the footnote. When a civil investigative demand or a state attorney general's letter arrives, we represent clients in matters before the FTC and the state attorneys general.

What we do

Consumer protection and advertising counsel across the marketing lifecycle, from pre-launch review through compliance programs and enforcement defense.
01

Advertising & Marketing Review

Pre-launch review of advertising, marketing, and promotional materials that clears copy, creative, and campaigns for deceptive-claim, unfairness, and disclosure risk before they run.

02

Claim Substantiation

Assessing the evidence behind performance, health, environmental, comparative, and pricing claims, so each objective representation is supported at the time it is made and the support is documented.

03

Endorsements & Influencer Programs

Disclosure standards, contract language, and monitoring practices for testimonials, endorsements, affiliate channels, and influencer content under the FTC's endorsement guides.

04

Pricing, Promotions & Subscriptions

Review of pricing, discounts, free-trial offers, negative-option billing, and auto-renewal practices, drafted so a customer can see what they are agreeing to and so the terms withstand scrutiny.

05

Privacy & Data-Driven Marketing

Aligning privacy notices, consent mechanics, tracking, and targeted-advertising practices with the consumer protection and privacy framework that governs how customer data is collected and used.

06

Enforcement & Investigation Defense

Representation in matters before the FTC and state attorneys general on civil investigative demands, inquiries, and enforcement actions, coordinating additional counsel where a matter requires it.

What you should know

The realities that shape a consumer protection and advertising strategy.
01

The standard is set by the claim

An express or implied objective claim must have a reasonable basis when it is made, and for health and safety claims the Commission's standard is competent and reliable scientific evidence, which its 2022 health-products guidance reads to mean a randomized, controlled human trial in most cases. A testimonial is not a study.

02

Disclosure is a design choice

A disclosure counts as "clear and conspicuous" only if its placement, prominence, and context make it so. Fine print at the bottom rarely cures a headline that overstates, so disclosure has to be built into the creative.

03

Endorsements carry the brand's risk

An influencer's missing disclosure or inflated testimonial can become the advertiser's problem. Material connections must be disclosed, and a creator program needs standards and monitoring on top of the contract.

04

Federal and state rules both apply

The FTC sets the federal baseline, but every state has its own unfair and deceptive acts and practices statute, often with a private right of action. A campaign has to clear more than one standard.

05

The total price goes first

Since May 2025 the FTC's rule on unfair or deceptive fees has required sellers of live-event tickets and short-term lodging to show the total price, including every mandatory fee, more prominently than any other price. California's honest-pricing law reaches most consumer goods and services, and drip pricing anywhere is a Section 5 question.

06

A CID runs on the Commission's clock

An FTC civil investigative demand names a return date, requires a meet-and-confer within 14 days, and allows a petition to quash only within 20 days. Staff will extend a production schedule that is proposed early. The duty to preserve attaches the day the demand arrives, and destroying anything after that is its own case.

Anatomy of a campaign clearance

How this work runs

From claim to clearance, before the campaign runs.
  1. Stage 01

    Deconstruct the claims

    Before creative is judged, it is parsed. Every express and implied representation in the copy, the label, the price, and the sign-up flow is isolated and read the way the FTC and a state attorney general will read it, by net impression.

  2. Stage 02

    Build the substantiation file

    Each objective claim is matched to its evidence in test data, studies, or pricing history, and the file is assembled before the claim runs, because support must exist at the moment of dissemination. Claims that outrun their proof are qualified or cut.

  3. Stage 03

    Engineer the disclosures

    Material connections, negative-option terms, free-trial conversions, and data consents are designed into the creative itself, through placement, prominence, and proximity, with influencer contracts and monitoring standards set so a creator's post cannot become the brand's violation.

  4. Stage 04

    Hold the line under inquiry

    When a civil investigative demand or state AG letter arrives, the pre-built record does the arguing: scope is negotiated, productions are sequenced, and the marketing program keeps running while counsel speaks for the company before the agency.

A regulator never asks what you meant, only what the page said and what the file proves.

20 days
the deadline to petition to limit or quash an FTC civil investigative demand

Frequently asked

Common questions on consumer protection and advertising.
What does consumer protection and advertising law cover?

The whole path from claim to charge. Section 5 of the FTC Act bars deceptive and unfair practices, and the Commission's guides and rules give that standard its detail: the Endorsement Guides revised in 2023, the Consumer Review rule in force since October 2024, and the Restore Online Shoppers' Confidence Act for anything billed on a recurring basis. Every state has a deceptive-practices statute as well, most with a private right of action, so a national campaign clears 51 standards rather than one. Privacy law governs the data behind the campaign, and competitors can sue over a false comparative claim under the Lanham Act.

What does Hart David Carson LLP do in this area?

We clear marketing before it runs and defend it afterward. Before launch we parse the copy for express and implied claims, match each objective claim to its evidence, and design the disclosures so they are clear and conspicuous in the medium where the claim appears, which for a six-second video is a different problem than for a label. We write the influencer contract clauses and the monitoring protocol the Endorsement Guides assume, and we review subscription flows against the Restore Online Shoppers' Confidence Act and the state renewal laws. When a civil investigative demand or a state attorney general's letter arrives, we represent clients in matters before the FTC and the state attorneys general.

Does the firm handle FTC investigations and enforcement?

Yes. We advise on consumer protection compliance and represent clients in matters before the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general, including civil investigative demands, inquiries, and enforcement actions. We appear for the companies in front of those agencies, and where a matter requires additional or locally admitted counsel we coordinate that engagement.

How are endorsements and influencer posts regulated?

Under the FTC's Endorsement Guides, revised in June 2023, and since October 2024 under a rule that carries civil penalties. An endorsement must reflect the endorser's honest experience, and any material connection to the brand, whether payment, free product, or an employment relationship, must be disclosed in a way the audience cannot miss in that medium; a platform's built-in tag does not always qualify. The advertiser is liable for what its endorsers say. The 2024 rule separately bans buying or selling fake reviews, review suppression, and undisclosed insider reviews. We draft the disclosure standard, the contract clause, and the monitoring routine, because the regulator will ask for all three.

Do advertising claims need substantiation before they run?

Generally, yes. An objective claim about performance, health, environmental impact, comparison, or pricing must be supported by adequate substantiation at the time it is made. We review the evidence behind a claim, flag the ones that need qualification or backup, and document the support so the record holds up to a regulator or a competitor challenge.

How do privacy and data rules fit into advertising?

Each channel has its own consent rule. A marketing text sent by an automated system or a prerecorded marketing call needs prior express written consent under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, and a commercial email must honor an opt-out within ten business days under CAN-SPAM. The comprehensive privacy laws now in force in about twenty states give consumers a right to opt out of targeted advertising and the sale of their data, several of them through a browser signal the site must honor. Since the 2025 amendments to the COPPA rule, sharing a child's data with third parties for targeted advertising needs its own, separate parental consent. We align the privacy notice, the consent mechanics, and the campaign so the data behind the marketing is as defensible as the claim in front of it.

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Reporting, disclosure, and governance counsel for public and newly public companies, where marketing statements and regulatory representations must align.

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Reviewed by Jonathan D. Herpy, Sr., Senior Partner · Last updated October 2026 · Educational overview · Not legal advice

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